mc38 mouse crc cell line  (iCell Gene Therapeutics)

Journal: Frontiers in immunology

Article Title: Development and evaluation of nanobody tracers for noninvasive nuclear imaging of the immune-checkpoint TIGIT.

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1268900

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIGURE 7 Ex vivo biodistribution of 99mTc-labeled anti-mTIGIT Nb 16988 in C57BL/6 mice bearing a subcutaneous MC38 tumor. (A) Ratio %IA/g of tumor, tumor draining lymph node (TdLN), cervical LN, spleen to blood or to muscle. (B). mTIGIT expression (DMFI) evaluated on single cells suspensions of the lymph node, spleen, and MC38 tumor on CD45+, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and CD25+ CD127- Tregs using flow cytometry by subtracting the MFI of the fluorescence minus one (FMO) from the signal. Unparied t-test (A) or one-way ANOVA (B) was used to evaluate statistical significance. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05 (ns, not significant, *=p<0.05, **=p<0.01, ***=p<0.001, ****=p<0.0001).

Article Snippet: The human embryonal kidney (HEK) 293T cell line and the mouse colorectal carcinoma (CRC) MC38 cell line were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Molsheim Cedex, France) and cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% FBS (Harlan, Horst, The Netherlands), 2 mmol/L L-Glutamine (Sigma-Aldrich, Zwijndrecht, Belgium), 100 U/mL penicillin, 100 mg/L streptomycin (PS; Sigma-Aldrich, Zwijndrecht, Belgium).

Techniques: Ex Vivo, Labeling, Expressing, Cytometry

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Inhibition of MBTPS1 enhances antitumor immunity and potentiates anti-PD-1 immunotherapy

doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-59193-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Strategy of in vivo CRISPR screen system. b Tumor growth curves for female C57 mice (6-8 weeks old) and female Rag1 -/- mice (5-6 weeks old) in the CRISPR screen. c Tumor weights and tumor image of MC38 tumors for C57 mice and Rag1 -/- mice in the CRISPR screen. Scale bar, 1 cm. d Plot of MAGeCK RRA score and rank of genes in the comparison between C57 mice and Rag1 -/- mice. Top candidate genes are highlighted in color as marked. e The expression distribution of the top 10 genes in paired tumor tissues and normal tissues across 15 cancer types from TCGA. f Overall survival analysis based on the high or low expression of the top 10 genes across 32 cancer types from TCGA. g Correlation between MBTPS1 expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in TCGA-COAD dataset. h Pearson correlation between tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) proportion and MBTPS1 expression across 33 cancer types from TCGA. i , j Representative IHC staining images (i) and IHC staining scores (j) of MBTPS1 expression in paired primary tumor tissues (T) and adjacent normal tissues (N) of CRC patients from SYSUCC. Scale bar: 50 μm. n = 10 mice per group in b and c ; n = 100 CRC tissue specimens in j . The data in b and c were presented as means ± SDs and the data in g and j were presented as box-and-whisker plots showing the median (centre line), 25th to 75th percentiles (box bounds), and minima to maxima (whiskers). Two-tailed unpaired Student’s t -test for b and c ; two-tailed paired Student’s t -test for j ; Wilcox test for e ; Log-rank test for f ; Pearson’s correlation analysis for g and h . Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

Article Snippet: The MC38 mouse CRC cell line was purchased from iCell (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: In Vivo, CRISPR, Comparison, Expressing, Immunohistochemistry, Whisker Assay, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Inhibition of MBTPS1 enhances antitumor immunity and potentiates anti-PD-1 immunotherapy

doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-59193-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Growth curves and weights of shVec/sh Mbtps1 MC38 tumors in female C57 mice (6-8 weeks old). b , c Growth curves of shVec/sh Mbtps1 CT26 tumors in female BALB/c mice (6-8 weeks old) and E0771 tumors in C57 mice. d , e Growth curves of OEVec/OE Mbtps1 MC38 (d) and E0771 (e) tumors in C57 mice. f , g Growth curves of shVec/sh Mbtps1 MC38 tumors in female Rag1 -/- mice (5-6 weeks old) (f) and female BALB/c Nude mice (5-6 weeks old) ( g ). h Schematic of in vivo competition assay (scale bar: 100 μm). i , j Ratio changes of E0771 (i) and MC38 (j) cells cultured in vitro or tansplanted in C57 mice. k , l Growth curves (k), weights and tumor image (l, scale bar: 1 cm) of shVec/sh Mbtps1 MC38 tumors in anti-PD-1 (5 mg/kg, i.p.)-treated C57 mice. m Survival of shVec/sh Mbtps1 MC38 tumor-bearing mice treated with anti-PD-1 (5 mg/kg, i.p.). n Growth curves of E0771 tumors in anti-PD-1 (5 mg/kg, i.p.)-treated C57 mice. o , p Growth curves of KPC (o) and B16 (p) tumors in anti-PD-1 (10 mg/kg, i.p.)-treated C57 mice. q , r Growth curves (q) and weights (r) of MC38 tumors in C57 mice treated with half-dose anti-PD-1 (2.5 mg/kg). s Survival of E0771-bearing mice with half-dose anti-PD-1 (2.5 mg/kg). n = 6 mice per group in a – g and n – r ; n = 8 mice per group in i – l and s ; n = 10 mice per group in m . Data are presented as means ± SDs. Two-tailed unpaired Student’s t -test for a – g , i and j . one-way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple comparisons test for k , l and n – r ; Kaplan-Meier analysis with the log-rank test for m and s . Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

Article Snippet: The MC38 mouse CRC cell line was purchased from iCell (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: In Vivo, Competitive Binding Assay, Cell Culture, In Vitro, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Inhibition of MBTPS1 enhances antitumor immunity and potentiates anti-PD-1 immunotherapy

doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-59193-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Bar plots indicating the proportion of major cell lineages in each group. b Uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) projection of 2340 lymphocytes from the shVec/sh Mbtps1 MC38 tumor groups, respectively. c Bar plots indicating the proportion of T cell lineages in each group. d , e The number and percentage of CD8 + T cells in shVec/sh Mbtps1 MC38 (d) or CT26 ( e ) tumors analyzed by flow cytometry. f , g The percentage of IFN-γ + CD8 + T cells in shVec/sh Mbtps1 MC38 (f) or CT26 (g) tumors analyzed by flow cytometry. h The percentage of Ki67 + CD8 + T cells in shVec/sh Mbtps1 CT26 tumors analyzed by flow cytometry. i The number or percentage of CD4 + T cells in shVec/sh Mbtps1 MC38 or CT26 tumors analyzed by flow cytometry. j The percentage of NK cells in shVec or sh Mbtps1 MC38 tumors analyzed by flow cytometry. k Flow cytometric analysis of the percentage of CD8 + T cells and IFN-γ + CD8 + T cells in female C57 mice (6-8 weeks old) with shVec/sh Mbtps1 MC38 tumors treated with αPD-1 or isotype control. l The percentage and number of CD8 + T cells in OEVec or OE Mbtps1 MC38 tumors analyzed by flow cytometry. m Statistical analysis of IHC stained CD8 + T cells in OEVec/OE Mbtps1 E0771 tumors. n , o Representative IHC staining images ( n ) and statistical analysis ( o ) of CD8 + T cells in MC38 tumors for the indicated groups. Scale bar, 50 μm. p Growth curves of shVec/sh Mbtps1 MC38 tumors in C57 mice treated with CD8 neutralizing antibody or isotype control. n = 5 mice per group in d , f , ( i , left) and j ; n = 6 mice in e , g , h , ( i , right), k – m , o and p . Data are presented as means ± SDs. Two-tailed unpaired Student’s t -test for d – j , l and m ; one-way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple comparisons test for k , o and p . Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

Article Snippet: The MC38 mouse CRC cell line was purchased from iCell (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Control, Staining, Immunohistochemistry, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Inhibition of MBTPS1 enhances antitumor immunity and potentiates anti-PD-1 immunotherapy

doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-59193-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: a , b Growth curves of MC38 tumors with indicated gene knockdown in female C57 mice (6-8 weeks old). c Growth curves of shVec, sh Mbtps1 and sh Srebf2 E0771 tumors in C57 mice subjected to CD or HCD feeding. d Growth curves of MC38 tumors from the indicated groups. e GSEA of chemokine pathway in sh Mbtps1 vs. shVec MC38 tumors. f qPCR analysis of Cxcl9 , Cxcl10 and Cxcl11 mRNA in MC38 cells. g – i ELISA detection of CXCL10 in the culture medium. j qPCR analysis of Cxcl10 mRNA in tumors from the indicated groups. k Number of CFSE-labeled CD8 + T cells migrated into the lower chamber when co-incubated with culture medium of MC38 cells. l qPCR analysis of Cxcr3 mRNA of tumors from the indicated groups. m Percentage of CXCR3 + cells in CD8 + T cells in CT26 tumors. n , o Representative images of immunofluorescence assay showing the staining of CXCR3 (red), CD8 (green) and nuclei (blue) ( n ) and quantification of CXCR3 + CD8 + T cells per high power field (o) in MC38 tumors. White arrows indicate CXCR3 + CD8 + T cells. Scale bar, 50 μm. p Percentages of IFN-γ positive and Ki67 positive cells in CXCR3 positive/negative CD8 + T cells. q Growth curves of MC38 tumors in anti-PD-1 treated C57 mice. r ELISA detection of CXCL10 in the tumor interstitial fluid of MC38 tumors. s Growth curves of shVec/sh Mbtps1 MC38 tumors in CXCR3 neutralizing antibody treated C57 mice. t , u Representative images ( t ) and quantification (u) of IHC stained CD8 + T cells in MC38 tumors. Yellow arrows indicate CD8-positive cells. Scale bar: 50 μm. n = 6 mice per group in a – d , m , o and q – u ; n = 5 mice per group in j and l ; n = 18 mice per group in p . n = 3 biologically independent samples per group, representative of three independent experiments with similar results in f – i and k . Data are presented as means ± SDs. Two-tailed unpaired Student’s t -test for a , b , f – h , k , m and n ; one-way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple comparisons test for c , d , i , j , l , q - s and u ; two-tailed paired Student’s t -test for p . Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

Article Snippet: The MC38 mouse CRC cell line was purchased from iCell (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Knockdown, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Labeling, Incubation, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Inhibition of MBTPS1 enhances antitumor immunity and potentiates anti-PD-1 immunotherapy

doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-59193-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: a IB detection of STAT1 expression in MC38 and E0771 cells after Mbtps1 knockdown. β-Actin was included as a loading control. b IB detection of STAT1 expression in MC38 or E0771 cells with Mbtps1 overexpression and Mbtps1 knockdown followed by its expression restoration. β-Actin was included as a loading control. c IB detection of STAT1 expression in MC38 or E0771 cells with overexpression of wild-type Mbtps1 or S414A Mbtps1 . β-Actin was included as a loading control. d , e IB detection of STAT1 and phospho-STAT1 (Ser701) expression in MC38 cells with Mbtps1 knockdown (d) or overexpression (e) followed by IFN-γ stimulation (10 ng/ml, 24 h). β-Actin was included as a loading control. f Statistical analysis of IHC stained STAT1 in MC38 tumors with Mbtps1 knockdown. g Representative immunofluorescence staining images of STAT1 and analysis of its mean fluorescence intensity. Scale bar: 10 μm. h qPCR analysis of Cxcl10 expression in MC38 cells with indicated treatment. i qPCR analysis of Cxcl10 expression in E0771 cells with Mbtps1 knockdown followed by fludarabine (STAT1 inhibitor, 5 μM, 24 h) treatment. j , k Growth curves ( j ) and weight analysis ( k ) of E0771 tumors with Mbtps1 knockdown, Stat1 knockdown or Mbtps1 / Stat1 double knockdown in female C57 mice (6-8 weeks old). l – n Flow cytometric analysis of the number of CD8 + T cells (l), IFN-γ + CD8 + T cells (m) and GZMB + CD8 + T cells (n) in E0771 tumors from the indicated groups. o , p Representative histogram image (o) and mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) (p) of H-2K b on the cell surface after Mbtps1 knockdown. q MFI of H-2K b after Mbtps1 and Stat1 knockdown analyzed by flow cytometry. n = 6 mice per group in j - n . n = 3 biologically independent samples per group, representative of three independent experiments with similar results in g , h , I and o – q . IB experiments in a – e were repeated three times with similar results using biologically independent samples. Data are presented as means ± SDs. Two-tailed unpaired Student’s t -test for f , g , and p ; one-way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple comparisons test for h – n and q . Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

Article Snippet: The MC38 mouse CRC cell line was purchased from iCell (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Expressing, Knockdown, Control, Over Expression, Staining, Immunofluorescence, Fluorescence, Flow Cytometry, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Inhibition of MBTPS1 enhances antitumor immunity and potentiates anti-PD-1 immunotherapy

doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-59193-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: a , b Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-PCR (a) and ChIP-qPCR (b) analysis of the interaction between STAT1 and the Cxcl9 / 10 / 11 promoter regions in MC38 cells. c Co-IP of endogenous STAT1 with endogenous MBTPS1 in MC38 and 293T cells. d Co-IP of FLAG-tagged MBTPS1 with endogenous STAT1 in MC38 and 293T cells. e Representative image of in situ PLA assay of anti-mouse FLAG and anti-rabbit STAT1 in MC38 cells transfected with Flag-MBTPS1. Scale bar: 10 μm. f Dual-luciferase reporter assay in MBTPS1 -knockdown or control 293T cells transfected with the STAT1 promoter reporter. g , h ChIP-PCR ( g ) and ChIP-qPCR ( h ) analysis of the interaction between STAT1 and the Cxcl9 / 10 / 11 promoter regions in MC38 cells with Mbtps1 knockdown. i ChIP-qPCR analysis of the interaction between STAT1 and the Cxcl9 / 10 / 11 promoter regions in MC38 cells with Mbtps1 overexpression. n = 3 biologically independent samples per group, representative of three independent experiments with similar results in b , e , f , h and i . ChIP-PCR in a and g and IB experiments in c and d were repeated three times with similar results using biologically independent samples. Data are presented as means ± SDs. Two-tailed unpaired Student’s t -test for a , b , f , h , and i . Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

Article Snippet: The MC38 mouse CRC cell line was purchased from iCell (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Chromatin Immunoprecipitation, ChIP-qPCR, Co-Immunoprecipitation Assay, In Situ, Transfection, Luciferase, Reporter Assay, Knockdown, Control, Over Expression, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Inhibition of MBTPS1 enhances antitumor immunity and potentiates anti-PD-1 immunotherapy

doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-59193-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: a , b IB detection of STAT1 in MC38 cells with Mbtps1 knockdown followed by CHX treatment (5 μg/ml) (a) and by MG132 treatment (10 μM, 6 h) (b). β-Actin was included as a loading control. c Co-IP analysis of the interaction between FLAG-STAT1 and endogenous ubiquitin in the indicated cells pretreated with MG132 (10 μM, 6 h). d Co-IP analysis of the interaction between FLAG-STAT1 and endogenous USP13 in MC38 and 293T cells. e Co-IP analysis of the interaction between FLAG-MBTPS1 and endogenous USP13 in MC38 cells. f Co-IP analysis of the interaction between FLAG-STAT1 and endogenous USP13 in MC38 and E0771 cells with Mbtps1 overexpression. g , h Co-IP analysis of USP13 (g) and MBTPS1 ( h ) interactions with wild-type or SH2 domain-deleted FLAG-STAT1 in MC38 cells. i Co-IP analysis of the interaction between FLAG-STAT1 and endogenous ubiquitin in MC38 and E0771 cells pretreated with MG132 (10 μM, 12 h) in the indicated groups. j IB analysis of STAT1 expression in E0771 cells overexpressing Mbtps1 , Usp13 , or both, followed by treatment with CHX (5 μg/ml). β-Actin was included as a loading control. k IB detection of STAT1 expression in E0771 cells with overexpressing Mbtps1 alone, overexpressing Usp13 alone, and overexpressing Mbtps1 and Usp13 simultaneously. β-Actin was included as a loading control. l , m Growth curves (l) and weight analysis (m) of E0771 tumors implanted in female C57 mice (6-8 weeks old) with Mbtps1 overexpression alone or both Mbtps1 and Usp13 overexpression. n Growth curves of MC38 tumors implanted in C57 mice with knockdown of Mbtps1 alone, knockdown of Usp13 alone, and simultaneous knockdown of both Mbtps1 and Usp13 . n = 6 mice per group in l – n . IB experiments in a – k were repeated three times with similar results using biologically independent samples. Data are presented as means ± SDs. One-way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple comparisons test for l – n . Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

Article Snippet: The MC38 mouse CRC cell line was purchased from iCell (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Knockdown, Control, Co-Immunoprecipitation Assay, Ubiquitin Proteomics, Over Expression, Expressing

Journal: Cancer immunology research

Article Title: Interferon-induced IDO1 mediates radiation resistance and is a therapeutic target in colorectal cancer

doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-19-0282

Figure Lengend Snippet: A, Expression of IFNα, IFNβ, and IFNγ in CT26 cells 48 hours after radiation. B, Effects of blocking the Type I IFN receptor (IFNAR) with a monoclonal antibody (10 μg/mL) on IDO1 expression in CT26 with or without irradiation (6 Gy at 48 hours). C, Effects of anti-IFNAR on IDO1 expression in irradiated (6 Gy at 48 hours) MC38, HT29, and HCT116 cells. D, Balb/C mice bearing CT26 tumors received isotype control, anti-IFNAR (2 mg), and/or anti-IFNγ (250 μg) I.P. 20 hours before 6 Gy focal irradiation. Tumor tissue was harvested for mRNA at 48 hours post-XRT. (A-C) n≥3 experimental replicates; (D) n=4 mice/group. Mean+SEM. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 by Student’s t-test versus control.

Article Snippet: Mouse CRC cell line MC38 (ENH204-FP) was purchased from Kerafast Inc. (Boston, MA) in 2017.

Techniques: Expressing, Blocking Assay, Irradiation

Journal: Cancer immunology research

Article Title: Interferon-induced IDO1 mediates radiation resistance and is a therapeutic target in colorectal cancer

doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-19-0282

Figure Lengend Snippet: A, Experimental setup. C57Bl/6 mice received 1×106 MC38 cells (primary tumor) on Day 0 in the right hind leg. Two doses of focal XRT (6 Gy) was delivered as indicated and epacadostat (Epa, 6 mg) was administered by gavage daily. A secondary MC38 injection was placed in the contralateral leg on day 19. The mice then received a high dose focal RT (20 Gy) to the primary tumor. Both tumors were measured until 35 days post primary tumor implantation. B, Change in tumor volume over time in secondary tumors. Mean+SEM. #p<0.05 of secondary tumor growth by mixed-effect model accounting for interaction with the primary tumors. C, Comparison of endpoint secondary tumor volume at day 35. Mean+SEM. *P<0.05 by Student’s t-test. n=6–7/group.

Article Snippet: Mouse CRC cell line MC38 (ENH204-FP) was purchased from Kerafast Inc. (Boston, MA) in 2017.

Techniques: Injection, Tumor Implantation

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Gomisin A Suppresses Colorectal Lung Metastasis by Inducing AMPK/p38-Mediated Apoptosis and Decreasing Metastatic Abilities of Colorectal Cancer Cells

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00986

Figure Lengend Snippet: Body weight and serum parameters of gomisin A (G.A)-treated CT26-injected mice.

Article Snippet: The mouse CRC cell line CT26 and MC38, human CRC cell line HT29 and SW620, and normal CCD-18co colon cell line were purchased from Korean Cell Line Bank (Seoul, South Korea) and maintained in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) and Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 at 37°C in a 5% CO 2 incubator.

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Gomisin A Suppresses Colorectal Lung Metastasis by Inducing AMPK/p38-Mediated Apoptosis and Decreasing Metastatic Abilities of Colorectal Cancer Cells

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00986

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of gomisin A (G.A) administration on lung metastasis of CT26 cells. Lung tissues were excised, and nodules were counted to evaluate antimetastatic effect of orally administered G.A (A,C) and intraperitoneal injection (B,D) . Phosphorylation of AMPK and p38 in metastatic lung tissues after oral administration (E) and intraperitoneal injection (F) . Data are means ± standard deviation (SD) of three independent experiments; ∗ p < 0.05.

Article Snippet: The mouse CRC cell line CT26 and MC38, human CRC cell line HT29 and SW620, and normal CCD-18co colon cell line were purchased from Korean Cell Line Bank (Seoul, South Korea) and maintained in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) and Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 at 37°C in a 5% CO 2 incubator.

Techniques: Injection, Phospho-proteomics, Standard Deviation

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Gomisin A Suppresses Colorectal Lung Metastasis by Inducing AMPK/p38-Mediated Apoptosis and Decreasing Metastatic Abilities of Colorectal Cancer Cells

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00986

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of gomisin A (G.A) on viability of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. (A) CRC cell lines CT26, MC38, HT29, and SW620 and (B) normal CCD-18Co colon cell lines were seeded in 96-well plates and treated with G.A (0–100 μM) for 48 h. Cell viability was evaluated using cell counting kit (CCK)-8 assay. (C) Morphological changes of G.A-treated CT26 and HT29 cells. Images were acquired using phase contrast microscope (magnification 200×). Data are means ± standard deviation (SD) of three independent experiments; ∗ p < 0.05.

Article Snippet: The mouse CRC cell line CT26 and MC38, human CRC cell line HT29 and SW620, and normal CCD-18co colon cell line were purchased from Korean Cell Line Bank (Seoul, South Korea) and maintained in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) and Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 at 37°C in a 5% CO 2 incubator.

Techniques: Cell Counting, CCK-8 Assay, Microscopy, Standard Deviation

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Gomisin A Suppresses Colorectal Lung Metastasis by Inducing AMPK/p38-Mediated Apoptosis and Decreasing Metastatic Abilities of Colorectal Cancer Cells

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00986

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of gomisin A (G.A) on cell cycle distribution of CRC cells. (A) CT26 and HT29 cells were treated with G.A (0–100 μM) for 24 h. Cell cycle analysis was conducted using Muse cell cycle kit. (B,C) G0/G1 phase cells (%) were determined using flow cytometry. (D,E) Expression levels of cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) in CT26 (D) and HT29 (E) cells measured using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Data are means ± standard deviation (SD) of three independent experiments; ∗ p < 0.05.

Article Snippet: The mouse CRC cell line CT26 and MC38, human CRC cell line HT29 and SW620, and normal CCD-18co colon cell line were purchased from Korean Cell Line Bank (Seoul, South Korea) and maintained in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) and Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 at 37°C in a 5% CO 2 incubator.

Techniques: Cell Cycle Assay, Flow Cytometry, Expressing, Reverse Transcription, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Standard Deviation

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Gomisin A Suppresses Colorectal Lung Metastasis by Inducing AMPK/p38-Mediated Apoptosis and Decreasing Metastatic Abilities of Colorectal Cancer Cells

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00986

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of gomisin A (G.A) on apoptosis of CRC cells. (A) CT26 and HT29 cells were treated with G.A (0–100 μM) for 24 h, and apoptotic cells were detected using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) deoxyuridine dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Images were captured using a phase contrast microscope (magnification 200×). (B) G.A-treated CT26 and HT29 cells were analyzed using Annexin V assay. (C,D) Percentage of apoptotic CT26 (C) and HT29 (D) cells. Data are means ± standard deviation (SD) of three independent experiments; ∗ p < 0.05.

Article Snippet: The mouse CRC cell line CT26 and MC38, human CRC cell line HT29 and SW620, and normal CCD-18co colon cell line were purchased from Korean Cell Line Bank (Seoul, South Korea) and maintained in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) and Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 at 37°C in a 5% CO 2 incubator.

Techniques: End Labeling, TUNEL Assay, Microscopy, Annexin V Assay, Standard Deviation

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Gomisin A Suppresses Colorectal Lung Metastasis by Inducing AMPK/p38-Mediated Apoptosis and Decreasing Metastatic Abilities of Colorectal Cancer Cells

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00986

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of gomisin A (G.A) on AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK) and p38 phosphorylation in CRC cells. (A,B) Apoptotic proteins were detected using western blot analysis in CT26 (A) and HT29 (B) cells. (C,D) Phosphorylation of AMPK and p38 was detected using western blot analysis in CT26 (C) and HT29 (D) cells. (E) Cell viability was measured in G.A-treated CT26 cells after CC and SB203580 treatment for 24 h. (F) AMPK and p38 phosphorylation was confirmed after CC and SB203580 treatment of G.A-treated CT26 cells. Data are means ± standard deviation (SD) of three independent experiments; # p < 0.05 versus control and ∗ p < 0.05 versus G.A alone.

Article Snippet: The mouse CRC cell line CT26 and MC38, human CRC cell line HT29 and SW620, and normal CCD-18co colon cell line were purchased from Korean Cell Line Bank (Seoul, South Korea) and maintained in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) and Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 at 37°C in a 5% CO 2 incubator.

Techniques: Phospho-proteomics, Western Blot, Standard Deviation, Control

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Gomisin A Suppresses Colorectal Lung Metastasis by Inducing AMPK/p38-Mediated Apoptosis and Decreasing Metastatic Abilities of Colorectal Cancer Cells

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00986

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of gomisin A (G.A) on the EMT markers of CRC cells. CT26 and HT29 cells were treated with G.A (0–20 μM) for 24 h, and expression levels of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers were evaluated. (A–C) EMT-related markers E-cadherin (A) , N-cadherin (B) , and vimentin (C) were measured using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR); ∗ p < 0.05 and ∗∗ p < 0.01. (D) Expression of N-cadherin in G.A-treated CT26 cells. (E) Expression of E-cadherin in G.A-treated HT29 cells. Images were captured using phase contrast microscope (magnification 200×). Data are means ± standard deviation (SD) of three independent experiments.

Article Snippet: The mouse CRC cell line CT26 and MC38, human CRC cell line HT29 and SW620, and normal CCD-18co colon cell line were purchased from Korean Cell Line Bank (Seoul, South Korea) and maintained in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) and Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 at 37°C in a 5% CO 2 incubator.

Techniques: Expressing, Reverse Transcription, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Microscopy, Standard Deviation

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Gomisin A Suppresses Colorectal Lung Metastasis by Inducing AMPK/p38-Mediated Apoptosis and Decreasing Metastatic Abilities of Colorectal Cancer Cells

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00986

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of gomisin A (G.A) on metastatic abilities of CRC cells. CT26 and HT29 cells were treated with G.A (0–20 μM) for 24 h, and metastatic abilities of CRC cells were investigated. (A,B) Wound healing assay of G.A-treated CT26 (A) and HT29 (B) cells. (C) Invasion assay. (D,E) Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9 expression levels (D) and activity (E) of G.A-treated CRC cells. MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity was determined by gelatin zymography. Images were captured using phase contrast microscope (magnification 200×). Data are means ± standard deviation (SD) of three independent experiments.

Article Snippet: The mouse CRC cell line CT26 and MC38, human CRC cell line HT29 and SW620, and normal CCD-18co colon cell line were purchased from Korean Cell Line Bank (Seoul, South Korea) and maintained in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) and Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 at 37°C in a 5% CO 2 incubator.

Techniques: Wound Healing Assay, Invasion Assay, Expressing, Activity Assay, Zymography, Microscopy, Standard Deviation